I would like to continue the discussion on anti-vilification legislation, especially that proposed to be brought in by the Victorian and Queensland governments. The Victorian legislation seems the most pernicious. It is to be called the Racial and Religious Tolerance Bill, a pretentious and phoney name for pretentious and phoney legislation. How a law that is intolerant of dissent and will almost surely be used in a repressive and discriminatory manner could be called a Tolerance Bill is beyond me. To make matters worse it is to be applied not only to public discourse but will even apply to private conversation. If the law goes through Victorians may be prosecuted for what they say when chatting to a neighbour over the back fence - an attack against freedom of speech and our personal privacy at the same time.

Queensland's Premier Beattie seems to be trying to make a worse fool of himself than usual with his support for anti-vilification in his state. In support of the bill he cited, as an example of the kind of "violence" it would stop, an incident in which a school child piddled on another school child's bag during the Hanson-race debate. Good grief! In this state (NSW) we had an incident where an Asian entered a schoolyard and knifed a student in an apparent racial attack. We have had Asian gangs armed with machetes and baseball bats attack schools and punch-ups in the playground between different ethnic groups. All this is despite a decade of anti-vilification legislation.

In fact we have had quite a bit of inter-ethnic violence. People literally kicked and bashed to death in the streets, a taxi driver murdered and mutilated and parts of Sydney becoming almost no-go areas. Anglo-Australians, where they are involved, are more likely to be victims than aggressors. The main point however is that this type of legislation does nothing to stop violent crime, including that with an ethnic or racist basis. For that matter there is little, if any, evidence to suggest that any "politically incorrect" material leads to violence.

The opposite may actually be the case. A few years ago an ethnic gang was going through Sydneys suburban trains and raping any vulnerable Australian girl they found. The media reported this in a rare moment of honesty but then some politically correct parasite on the ABC's Media Watch attacked the report as racist. He ignored the fact that when the media shines the light on such crimes it will inhibit the criminals and may save further girls from becoming victims. The point here though is that anti-vilification laws will inhibit the media rather than the criminal. Already there is a politically correct racial bias where ethnic crime is often under-reported or not reported, all to the benefit of the criminals involved. Even the police commissioner was muffled due to this silly legislation.

As you no doubt remember anti-vilification legislation was brought in by the Federal government under Paul Keating's leadership. It appears to be as useless as the gun buy-back in reducing violence. In 1998 the homicide rate per 100,000 of our population was 1.77. In 1999 the rate rose to 2.01 per 100,000. Over the same period there was also an increase in the rate of assault.

It is pretty obvious that the legislation proposed by the Bracks and Beattie governments will do nothing to reduce violence in their respective states. Both Victorians and Queenslanders would be better off if the legislation is not passed.

(Unfortunately since the above was written both states have passed anti-vilification legislation.)

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Searching the Internet I came upon quite a lot of material dealing with crime committed by black people against white people, especially in the United States (US) and South Africa (SA). This shows how little we are told by the mainstream media. It also dispels some myths commonly spread by the media in relation to race hate crime and serial murderers.

A good summary of the problem in the US is found in "The Color of Crime" (New Century Foundation). It points out that of around 1,700,00 interracial crimes of violence involving blacks and whites, 90% are committed by blacks against whites. Blacks commit violent crimes at four to eight times the white rate while Hispanics commit such crimes at three times the white rate. Blacks are proportionately twice as likely as whites to commit hate crimes. In 1994 there were over 30,000 white women raped or otherwise sexually assaulted by blacks.

A closer look at some of these crimes paints a grim and disturbing picture of the situation:

In 1998 three blacks murdered a white woman who was pregnant with a mulatto child. The baby was cut out of her body and, miraculously survived. Her other two children were not so lucky, her 10-year-old daughter and her 7-year-old son were both murdered.

In 1993, a white teenager was raped, orally and anally, by five blacks in an Arkansas jail.

In December of the same year a 35-year-old black Jamaican immigrant shot and killed six people all white or Asian on a Long Island commuter train.

In 1995 a black postal worker shot and killed three whites and slashed another after being fired from his job.

In 1989, after watching the movie, Mississippi Burning, a gang of blacks savagely beat a 14 year old white boy. The gang's leader received 4 years jail but the white boy was permanently brain damaged.

In 1997 a black eighth grader attacked a white female teacher with a claw hammer. She had threatened him with suspension for misbehaviour and received a shattered eye socket and cheekbone for her trouble.

In 1995, in Chicago a 32-year-old white man was stopped by two black policemen, who had his car towed away when they found he had no license. Unfortunately he was in a black, and dangerous neighbourhood. Two blacks found him, beat him and then killed him by burning him to death.

Between 1986 and 1990, Hulon Mitchell and his Yahweh-ben-Yahweh cult murdered seven whites. Mitchell brainwashed his followers to believe that white people were the Devil.

The worst racially motivated murders were the Zebra Killings that occurred from 1973 to 1975. Seven, or more members of the Nation of Islam killed at least 78 white people. Some of the culprits have still not been caught.

In February, last year 6-year-old white boy, Jake Robel was dragged to his death in a bungled car-jacking by a 34-year-old black criminal.

In March 2000 another serious race hate crime occurred. A black, Ronald Taylor, in Wilkinsburg, Pa. shot five white men, killing three of them. Taylor is quoted as saying "Well, I'm not gonna hurt any black people, I'm gonna kill all white people" and "You're all white trash, racist pigs".

In May a 13-year-old black school student killed his white teacher with a pistol.

In April two blacks, Anthony Cook 51 and Nathaniel Cook 42 were convicted for a long list of murders and rapes committed up to 25 years ago. There were at least nine people murdered by one, or both, of the blacks. The first victim, 22-year-old Vicki Small was raped and murdered in December 1973. The youngest victim was 12-year-old Dawn Backes who was raped and murdered in 1981. All the victims were white. Nathaniel Cook was sentenced to 21 to 75 years prison while his brother was given a mere 15 years.

On the 15 April 2000 an 8-year-old white boy, Kevin Shifflett was murdered by a 29-year-old black in a blatantly racist attack. At about the same time a 6-year-old white girl was murdered at school by a black classmate.

In December 2000, two blacks, Reginald and Jonathan Carr kidnapped five whites, three males and two females. The victims were driven to a soccer field near Wichita, Kansas. The whites were then forced to perform sex acts with each other and the two women were raped by the blacks. They were then forced to kneel down and were then all shot. The blacks then drove the car over the bodies. Four died but one of the women survived, ran naked for a mile and managed to notify the police. The blacks were caught shortly after. One of the more sickening factors about this crime was the passivity of the whites. Only one black was armed and this was with a .380 pistol, not exactly a piece of heavy artillery. It seems this was not the first crime these two blacks had committed, only days before they robbed and pistol whipped a white man and a few days before that they murdered a white woman.

Also during December 2000, six blacks were arrested for the carjacking, rape and murder of a 48-year-old white woman in Shreveport, Louisiana.

In March this year during a Mardi Gras (also known as Fat Tuesday) violence erupted with numerous attacks by blacks. In Seattle, 20-year-old white man, Kristopher Kime, was killed when he attempted to rescue a woman being attacked by blacks. The police took little action to stop the violence.

How many of these crimes were reported in the Australian media? Practically none of them. Contrast this with the high exposure given to the murder of the black man, James Byrd by three white men a few years ago. Politically correct racial bias in the media again. You will no doubt recall when a white South African farmer was charged with murdering blacks. Since Apartheid was dismantled back in 1994 at least a thousand, and possibly two thousand whites have been murdered in SA and most of these cases were not mentioned in the main stream media. We managed to get information on some of these from the Internet. Unfortunately there are few details of exact times and places of these incidents but photos of the victims were included on the website. Anyway here are a few of them:

In one case eight blacks broke into a home and tied up and murdered a white woman by hanging. When her daughter and 12-year-old son came home they were also murdered by hanging. When the father of the house came home he was also set upon and killed.

In an even more sickening case blacks murdered a young white couple, then wrapped their six-month-old baby in newspaper and set it on fire.

There were two cases of blacks entering homes and murdering young white girls while they slept. Again evidence that Africa is going back to the jungle.

Other cases involve torture as well as murder.

The attack on racism (or at least white racism), the decline in racial consciousness among whites and the incredible bias in the media seem to be fuelling the level of violence between blacks and whites, with whites inevitably the main victims. Will there be a backlash? Quite probably and if this turns violent where will the politically correct be? No doubt they will wheel out the same arguments about racial equality and scapegoat whites again and the problems will repeat and escalate.

MUNGO MAN'S DNA

The DNA of an ancient human skeleton from Lake Mungo has been dated as 62,000 years old. This would make it the oldest human skeleton from which mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) has been extracted.

The mt DNA of ten ancient skeletons has been compared with Aboriginals from the Willandra Lakes area in western NSW. The mt DNA from the Lake Mungo skeleton (LM3) no longer exists in modern humans despite it being anatomically modern.

The Lake Mungo skeleton is described as gracile, even delicate. There has been a tendency over the millennia for humans to become more gracile. Surprisingly much younger skeletons found in Australia are sometimes quite "robust"; in other words of more ancient appearance. This would indicate that more than one race of people arrived in Australia thousands of years ago.

Some experts dispute this but more conclusive evidence may be difficult to obtain, as really ancient DNA is extremely difficult to find. Nevertheless it is apparent that the early peopling of Australia is more complex than has generally been claimed.

(Source: Australasian Science, March 2001)

LEADED PETROL

Leaded petrol has disappeared from the local petrol station but now it has been suggested that leaded petrol was nowhere near as dangerous as claimed. High blood-lead levels in children can retard their mental development. Very high blood-lead levels can actually be fatal.

Since 1986 all new cars sold in Australia have been powered by unleaded petrol but the evidence that lead from petrol was a danger does not stand up to tight scrutiny.

Figures from the US show that from 1925 to 1970 the total amount of leaded petrol in use rose substantially but from then on tended to fall. Measures of blood-lead levels however show a fall starting back in 1935 and continued to fall over the next 35 years despite the increased use of leaded petrol. It appears that lead from petrol had very little, if any affect on blood-lead levels.

In 1993 a study of 252 Australian children found that only three had excess blood-levels and in these cases the cause was oral ingestion of leaded paint or something similar.

Thus we have gotten rid of a public health hazard that wasn't. To make matters worse many cars now have inefficient catalytic converters which allow benzene, a cancer-causing agent, to escape.

(Source: The Canberra Times/AS March 2001)

SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTS

Human demands on the world's resources will quadruple by the year 2050 and a century later will be 27 times the current level. In the 1990s the growth in consumption was 2.2% per annum while the growth in population was 1.4% per annum.

The 135 million people added to the American population over the last 50 years had as great an impact on the world environment as 4 billion people in the rest of the world.

If China were to reach the same level of private car ownership as in the West it would consume the world's entire oil production capacity.

Humans have transformed over half of the land on earth for their own use, have regulated the flow of two-thirds of all rivers on earth, and use more than half of the accessible fresh water. Humans fish up to, or beyond, the limit of two-thirds of the marine fisheries on earth. We also contribute 50% more nitrogen to the nitrogen cycle than all other sources combined and have boosted the methane content of the atmosphere to 150% over natural levels.

Australia's primary energy consumption is high. We use the equivalent of 5.56 metric tonnes of oil per capita, although this is lower than the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Singapore, the US, Canada and Belgium. Australia has the third highest level of passenger cars relative to population (488 per 1,000), behind Italy (539) and Germany (488), but ahead of the US (481) and New Zealand (470).

The highest private per capita consumption, $US 15,000 or more per annum, (as of 1998) was in the US, Japan, Norway, Switzerland and Belgium. Countries falling in the $US 7,500 to $US 15,000 range include most of Europe, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. Most of the world's people are much poorer and have consumption rates in the $US 200 to $US 1,000 range. Nevertheless consumption levels are rising in much of the Third World. Between 1990 and 1998 the highest growths in consumption were in Vietnam, Uzbekistan, China, Moldova, Chile and Indonesia.

(Source: AS, April 2001)

With liberal migration rules New Zealanders have been coming to this country in droves. In 1996 the native born population of New Zealand numbered 2.848 million but another 291,388 lived here. In addition there were those who were not born in New Zealand but saw it as a stepping stone to Australia. Ten years ago 12.7% of those coming over the Tasman to live here permanently were not born in New Zealand; by 1999-2000 this figure had grown to 30%. This figure includes 2,209 Pacific Islanders and 4,381 Asians out of a total intake of 31,615. They were also making up an increasing proportion of New Zealand citizens receiving benefits in Australia.

Until recently migration into New Zealand has been growing rapidly. Twenty years ago they took in about 10,000 settlers a year. Immigration was liberalised and in 1995 a total of 55,885 people were approved for residence. Of these 59.7% were Asians and 7.2% were Polynesians. By 1998 the number had fallen to 29,365 of whom 38.5% were Asian and 14.8% were Polynesian. With around 70,000 people leaving New Zealand each year its government is further liberalising its criteria for immigration in attempt to make up the numbers. This will of course increase the number of Third World people who will try to use New Zealand as a stepping stone to enter Australia. Our government's initiatives may reduce the welfare bill a little but it should be remembered that, contrary to popular wisdom, migrants from New Zealand are less likely to be on welfare than either the Australian born or many other migrants. There will still be no restriction on anyone with a New Zealand passport entering Australia and one suspects the problems of violence and crime already associated with some of these people will not dissipate but may increase. Frankly, a more sensible policy would be to make it as hard for anyone from New Zealand to enter Australia as it is for others.

(Apart from subjective opinions expressed in the above the main source for this article was "New Zealanders in Australia: The End of an Era?" by Bob Birrell and Virginia Rapson in People and Place, vol 9, no 1, 2001)

IN 1996, 8.9% of the Australian born residents in the 45 to 64-years category were dependent on the disability pension while the equivalent rate for British born migrants was only 6.6%. For many other migrants however the rates are considerably higher. For Italians it was 12.4%, Greeks 17.6%, Yugoslavs 20.5%, Lebanese 24% and Turks 41.6%. Meanwhile workforce participation rates are lower for migrants than for Australian born but the rates for migrants from non-English speaking countries is much lower than for those from the main English speaking countries. Unemployment rates for English speaking migrants are actually slightly lower than for Australians but for migrants from non-English speaking countries unemployment rates are higher. Migrants who arrived in 1995 have higher unemployment rates than those who arrived between 1996 and 1999 (People and Place, vol 9, no 1, 2001).

Cavalli-Sforza's book looks at human evolution over the last 100,000 years drawing on various disciplines, especially archaeology, genetics and linguistics. Although he seems to dislike the concept of race most of the book deals with the development of the physical differences between various populations. The diagrams he uses to show the relationships between various populations suggests a classification similar to traditional racial taxonomies.

One concept that the author discusses is that of genetic differences between populations. A simple way to look at this is if, for instance 41.1% of English people have RH negative blood and 41.2% of French people are also RH negative then the 0.1% difference would suggest a very little genetic difference. On the other hand if Lapplanders have an RH-negative frequency of 18.7% the genetic difference between them and both English and French people would seem to be much greater. By making similar comparisons with other genetically determined traits, say up to a 100 of them, we can get an average of the differences, which can then be used as a good guide to the genetic distance between populations.

More complicated ways of determining genetic distances have been developed but the author does not go into detail about these. What most of these methods seem to show, however is that genetic distance correlates with geographic distance. Nevertheless these correlations differ from continent to continent. Surprisingly the population of Europe is the most homogenous while the indigenous populations of Australia and the Americas are the least homogenous. It would appear that despite political fragmentation, migration and intermarriage have occurred more in Europe hence reducing genetic distances.

Another concept Cavalli-Sforza talks about is heterozygotic advantage. This refers to situations where a disease is passed on by genetic inheritance but the disease only appears in individuals who receive a gene for the disease from both their mother and their father (ie the individual is homozygous for the genes carrying the disease). The advantage comes about where in a heterozygotic situation (the individual receives a gene for the disease from one parent but not the other) the disease does not appear but the individual has immunity to another, infectious disease. The example given in the book is thalassemia, which in the homozygotic condition is fatal. In the heterozygotic condition however thalassemia does not occur but the individual is immune to malaria.

Cavalli-Sforza says this is a case of hybrid vigour. He goes on to make the politically correct but otherwise dubious assertion that heterozygous advantage is a reason why racial purity is impossible. The logic behind this assertion evades me. Its unlikely genetically linked diseases are accounted for by more than a tiny part of the human genome and one can think of numerous traits that will be just as benign in the homozygotic situation as in the heterozygotic. In fact in numerous cases the homozygotic condition may be positively advantageous.

Cavalli-Sforza goes into a number of other concepts, more than can be dealt with here. His broad outline of "modern" human expansion is worth a mention. It is based on the "out of Africa" model that asserts that all modern humans are descended from a group that existed in Africa 100,000 years ago. At the time their total population was about 50,000. Between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago people began migrating out of Africa. The ancestors of modern Europeans arrived about 40,000 years ago. Modern humans arrived in Asia 50,000 to 60,000 years ago, in Australia 40,000 to 60,000 years ago, and in the Americas 15,000 to 35,000 years ago.

The book contains a diagram of a genetic tree that gives a broad outline of the evolution and relationship between populations. The first branching off came when the ancestors of black Africans stayed in Africa while the ancestors of all other races migrated to other continents. The other races, or populations, fall into five broad groups. These are New Guineans, Australian Aborigines, South Asians, North Asians, and Caucasians. Some of the relationships seem unusual. North Asians (which includes Japanese and Koreans) are shown as close to Caucasians (Europeans and Indians) as they are to South Asians (such as Vietnamese and Malays). Possibly appearances are deceptive or the researchers who came up with the diagram should have used more traits in determining genetic differences. Remember only 100 traits are examined out of 30,000 to 40,000 in the human genome.

As well as the major migrations there have been many less dramatic ones. A few that Cavalli-Sforza deals with involve the ancestry of Europeans. He claims that agriculture originally developed in the Middle East and then spread gradually across Europe, initially in the southeast and eventually reaching Britain and northern Europe less than 6,000 years ago. This brought not simply cultural changes but a genetic changes as well because farmers migrated from the Middle East bringing their knowledge of agriculture with them. This is known as "demic diffusion". The genetic influence from the Middle East was greatest in southeast Europe and the least in the north and northwest.

Despite the incursions into Europe in later years by Asiatics like Attila the Hun and the Golden Horde of Ghenghis Khan the only noticeable Asiatic influence in Europe does not come from either group but from Uralic people similar to the Samoyeds and other Siberians. They made two major migrations into Europe. The first was into Lapland at least 2,000 years ago. The modern day Laplanders (or Saami) still speak a Uralic language but are nowadays, after centuries of intermixing, of predominantly European descent. Other languages in the region like Finnish, Karelian and Estonian are also of Uralic origin but the people who speak them are of European origin. It appears their ancestors learnt these languages with very little, or no, genetic mixing. Another Uralic group, the Magyars invaded Hungary in the Middle Ages. The modern language of Hungary is still of Uralic origin but the people are predominantly European genetically.

A third source of genetic influence comes from the Kurgan culture which had its homeland just north of the Caucasus Mountains and the Black and Caspian Seas. These may have been some of the first people to domesticate horses and it appears they used chariots and bronze weapons at least 5,000 years ago. It has been suggested that they introduced Indo-European languages although without written evidence this is hard to prove. The term kurgan incidentally comes from a name for their tombs, which were found to be filled with sculptures, precious metals, weapons and the remains of warriors and horses. (Actually the Kurgan culture seems to be equivalent to what used to be called the Aryans although Cavalli-Sforza doesn't use this term).

A fourth but less important source of influence was due to the effects of the ancient Greek Empire. Its major influence was in southeast Europe, western Anatolia and southern Europe. Its effect was least in north and northwestern Europe.

Another source of genetic influence comes from a group whose territory has been shrinking over the centuries. This group is now known as Basques. Although the Basque language is now only spoken by a minority in Spain and a much smaller minority in France it is believed to have been spoken over a much larger area thousands of years ago. In fact, Basque is believed to be from the most ancient family of languages in Europe, possibly descended from the language of the first Europeans of 40,000 years ago.

One suspects that the ancestry of Europeans is bit more complicated that Cavalii-Sforza suggests and the indigenous influences are understated. Possibly future research will shed more light on this matter. The influences he discusses are, with the exception of the Uralic people, of Caucasian origin. There has also been genetic movement in other directions. Neolithic farmers from the Fertile Crescent moved towards Iran, India and North Africa. In later centuries Semitic-speaking people moved into the Ethiopian region. Languages now spoken in that area are mainly of Semitic origin and the people show some Semitic genetic influence. Caucasians have also migrated eastwards in ancient times and some of the natives of China show some European ancestry.

As more becomes known about the human genome more sophisticated methods of dissecting the ancestry of human populations will no doubt be developed. This may give us a much different picture to that described by Cavalli-Sforza. Nevertheless his book is quite interesting. Unfortunately he sometimes goes out of his way to be politically correct. He claims that I.Q. differences between races are mainly cultural and this has been demonstrated by studies of adopted twins. In actual fact adoption studies tend to confirm the genetic basis of the differences. He also denigrates the book, "The Bell Curve" and claims that the average Japanese I.Q. is 11 points above that for white Americans. (Other sources claim a similar score for the Dutch). Cavalli-Sforza gives no source for his claim but to make a judgement we would need to know on which population the test was standardised for and how representative of the general Japanese population were the people who took the test.

In another bout of political correctness the author claims that currently occurring migrations will produce increased mixing of populations and hence the genetic differences between groups will diminish. At the same time he thinks the differences between individuals of the same population will increase. By some strange logic he believes there will be "fewer reasons for racism, which is a good thing". He does not explain what he means by "racism" but he should have noted that the existence of mixed populations in the US and South Africa has not stopped an incredible amount of inter-racial violence in those countries. While the book provides a much needed and readable book on the evolution of modern human populations it is a pity the author includes comments more politically than scientifically correct.

David Duke, former Ku Klux Klan leader and politician, has written an extremely provocative work that is a mixture of autobiography and a controversial look at the race question.

Born in Oklahoma in 1950, the young David actually spent many of his early years in Europe where his father held a job as a petroleum engineer with Shell. In 1955 the family returned to the United States and settled in the middle class suburb of Gentilly Woods in New Orleans.

His school years were idyllic. Drugs, crime and serious violence were absent. He idolised traditional American heroes like Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone. Duke and his friends tried to live out the adventures of his heroes, often venturing into swampland and bayou country on the outskirts of New Orleans. Apart from adventure the young Duke gained a first hand knowledge of Nature.

Around the time that Duke was in junior high school the Civil Rights movement was getting seriously under way and schools and public places were being integrated. Duke tended to favour integration but curiosity and the need to complete a school assignment led him to look for arguments against integration. Resources were few and difficult to find until he found a bookstore run by the conservative Citizens Council. He found in the store numerous books to support the view that race does matter and purchased one of these books, "Race and Reason" by Carleton Putnam.

From Putnam's book he learnt that many of the great men in Americas past did not accept the idea of racial equality or integration. Abraham Lincoln, for instance is quoted:

Duke was at first sceptical of Putnam's claim that blacks and whites differ in intellectual ability but after studying further he found that Putnam was substantially correct. He was also developing a sense of race consciousness. A few quotes from Chapter 12:

The book goes onto deal with the disastrous level of black crime, the problems that came from school integration and the problems brought about by affirmative action.

A large and controversial section of the book deals with the Jewish question. Jews are seen as generally ethnocentric, supremacist and excessively influential in politics and the media. Jews are also seen as being behind myths of racial equality and the Civil Rights movement. Duke gives evidence to support these assertions.

Franz Boas, a Jewish immigrant from Germany successfully downgraded the concept of race in anthropology. Ashley Montagu (whose original name was Israel Ehrenberg) propagated similar views in his book, "Race: Mans Most Dangerous Myth". More recently Marxist Jews such a Richard Lewontin, Leon Kamin and Stephen Jay Gould have carried on the equality myth.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1909. It played an important part in advancing black rights but despite its name it was founded by, and until recent years, led by Jews. It did not have a black president until the 1970s. The NAACP Legal Defense Fund is still dominated by Jews. It was this organisation that supported the Supreme Court case that led to school integration and the destruction of the American public school system. Most of the white "Freedom Riders" that went South in support of Civil Rights were Jewish. Martin Luther Kings main advisor, Stanley Levinson was a Jewish Communist.

To put it simply Jewish racism is seen to be the main force behind the fight against white racism. This would indicate a high level of hypocrisy among those Jews involved.

Duke however may be overdoing the Jew problem. While Ashley Montague was pronouncing nonsense about racial equality the Jewish psychologist, Hans Eysenck was saying the opposite. In fact Eysenck's book, "Race, Intelligence and Education", describing the genetic basis for race differences in I.Q. was published in 1971, over a decade before Herrnstein and Murray's, "The Bell Curve". While the not-so-scientific science of psychoanalysis was largely based on the ideas of Jewish psychologist Sigmund Freud it was Eysenck who was its most merciless critic.

The Jewish question forms only part of Duke's book. One of the more interesting, and horrifying chapters tells what happened when Duke and his companions are arrested and spend a short time in prison where most of the inmates, including the trustees are black. Whites in American prisons are subject to a horrendous amount of assaults and rapes by blacks and this prison is no different. Duke describes a victim of rape:

Duke also witnessed an assault on a white prisoner by a gang of blacks. The black trustees did nothing to stop the assault.

In contrast to the terrors described in that chapter the section where Duke describes his visit to Britain sounds like a script from a Keystone Kops movie. Duke at the time was still a Ku Klux Klan leader and as such was banned from entering Britain. Nevertheless he did get into the country, partly due to the slackness of a black British customs officer who stamped his passport without checking the proscribed list. He then proceeded to lead the British authorities on a merry chase albeit with help from English sympathisers. Before he was finally caught and deported he had visited British nationalists, walked the streets talking to members of the public and even appeared on a television show.

Back in the US Duke and the Klan were facing increased pressure from the Anti-Defamation League and the Jewish media. There was another serious problem. More klans were coming onto the scene which had nothing to do with Dukes organisation. Some of these practised the sorts of crimes the media is only too happy to pin on "racists". Duke thought it best to leave the Klan and formed the National Association for the Advancement of White People (NAACP).

This was not the limit of Dukes ambitions. In 1988 he actually ran for president. Failing this he then made a successful bid for the Louisiana state legislature. He later made an unsuccessful bid for governorship.

Duke gave up his short political career at least for the time being but he still campaigns for white rights and promotes white racial consciousness. To sum up here are a few quotes from the last chapter of the book:

Robert Crick has written a fascinating biography of World War I digger, Alec Griffiths.

Alec began life in southern New South Wales where his family had a small holding on the Wollondilly River. Tragedy struck early in his life when his father died, leaving his mother, Eliza Jane, with seven children to support. With no welfare in those days the family had to leave for Grafton to live with Elizas mother.

Alec and his siblings started working early in life, while still at primary school in fact. Employment was generally on local farms and while the work could be hard for someone so young it made life interesting. Alec could recount many interesting anecdotes years later.

When the Great War broke out Alec tried to enlist in the Army but was far too young. While rejected for the time being it did give him the chance to do a wireless operators course. Two years later he lied about his age and this time he was successful in joining the Army. It wasnt long before he was serving as a wireless operator with the Australian Flying Corps.

Unlike some of his mates Alec survived the war and returned to marry and bring up a family. His interesting and inventive life stretched almost to the end of the Century. In fact the book is not just a biography but contributes to the social history of Australia throughout much of the last Century.